The operation and application of a double-walled stainless steel tank
A double-walled stainless steel storage tank consists of an inner and an outer wall, with the outer wall built around the storage tank as an additional protective shell. The outer wall has a safety and protective function and is also referred to as the secondary containment shell. It is completely liquid-tight and encloses the inner tank, ensuring that any leaks remain safely contained within the tank.
The inner wall, on the other hand, is in direct contact with the stored product and bears all process loads. Pressure, temperature, the chemical properties of the product, and hygiene requirements all act directly on this wall. Therefore, the inner wall must not only be liquid-tight, but also mechanically strong, so that it can withstand chemical attack and is suitable for the specific process conditions. Gpi supplies double-walled tanks for all industries when requested by the customer. The double-walled tanks produced by Gpi Tanks are manufactured entirely from stainless steel. Customers can choose from various materials, such as stainless steel 304(L), stainless steel 316(L), stainless steel 904L, and duplex or super duplex stainless steel.
When do you choose a double-walled tank?
One of the decisive reasons for choosing a double-walled stainless steel tank is that it guarantees the safe storage of liquids without posing a risk to the environment. Sales Manager Jelle Molenaar states the following: “Customers choose double-walled tanks because they comply with current environmental regulations. In some cases, a tank is placed above a spill containment basin, but if this is not possible, a double-walled tank offers the solution. This ensures that the medium stored in the tank cannot harm the environment.”
If a leak should occur, the liquid remains within the outer wall, preventing contamination of the soil and groundwater. In combination with leak detection, a problem can be identified at an early stage. Government authorities and permitting bodies often require that tanks used for storing hazardous liquids are either placed above a spill containment basin or constructed as double-walled tanks with leak detection. Which solution is permitted depends on the requested permit and the applicable standards.
Leak detection in a double-walled tank
The space between the inner and outer wall of a double-walled tank has a primary function: detecting a possible leak. By integrating a leak detection system into the interstitial space, the double-walled tank often does not need to be equipped with a spill containment basin.
Jelle Molenaar explains the following about leak detection in double-walled tanks: “For the double-walled tanks we supply, leak detection is generally applied in two ways in practice. Approximately 95% of our customers choose one of the systems we offer. One possible monitoring system is based on vacuum: in this system, a vacuum (negative pressure) is created in the double shell. This vacuum is continuously measured and monitored. If a leak occurs in the inner tank, the negative pressure in the double wall will decrease. As soon as this happens, an alarm is automatically activated, allowing quick intervention. Depending on the application, a pressure relief valve may also be included as an option.”
Another monitoring system is based on level detection: “This alternative system operates without negative or positive pressure in the double wall. Instead, a level sensor is installed in the lower section of the interstitial space. When liquid leaks from the inner tank, it collects in the double shell. The sensor detects this liquid and immediately sends an alarm to the customer’s control system. This type of sensor can, for example, be a tuning fork sensor.”
What is involved in building a double-walled stainless steel tank?
Building a double-walled stainless steel tank is more complex than constructing a single-walled tank. From the design phase onward, Gpi takes into account the properties of the stored medium, such as its chemical composition, corrosiveness, and any hygiene requirements. These factors determine the material selection, wall thicknesses, and surface finish of the inner wall.
According to Jelle Molenaar, a great deal is involved in building a double-walled stainless steel tank: “The standards for double-walled stainless steel tanks specify detailed technical requirements for the design and construction of both the inner and outer walls. For example, we strictly follow the rules set out in Kiwa BRL-K796/02, which serves as a guideline when a tank must be double-walled. We also comply with the NEN-EN standards, which specify the required wall thicknesses for double-walled tanks.”
In Germany, the WHG standard requires tanks to be designed with multiple protective measures to prevent leaks. This may include a double-walled construction, advanced sealing techniques, and regular inspections to maintain safety. In addition, Gpi also takes international guidelines into account during the design process, such as the UDT standards from Poland, ensuring that the tanks meet the highest safety requirements.
By combining these strict standards and guidelines with expert design and craftsmanship, Gpi is able to deliver double-walled stainless steel tanks that are safe, reliable, and suitable for a wide range of applications.